Tabulating machine



H. NEUMANN fLEZIUS TABULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1938 April 1, 1941.

8 Sheets-Sheet l 'ATTORNEY April 1, 1941 H. NEUMANN-LEzlUs 2,237,153

TABULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 19584 8 Sheets-SheetV 2 @Ziff ORNE April l, 1941' H. NEuMANN-Lx-:zlus 2.237.153

TABULATING' MACHINE Filed July 19, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 I FIG. 4.

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TABULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1958 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 n I lNvENTDu ATTORNEY April l, 1941.

H. NEUMANN-LEZIUS TABULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1938 8 Sheets-Shea?I 5 April 1, 1941 H. NEuMANN-LEzlus 2.237.153

TABULATING MACHINE Filed July 19. 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG. 9.

FIG. 10.

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. TABULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 7.

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TABULATING HACHINE Filed July 19, 1938 FIG. lla.

8 Sheets-Sheet 8 CRIS mcy

cnnnv 3 INVENTOR ATT RNE Patented Apr. 1, 1941 UNITED STATES *PATENT omer.

TABULATING MACHINE Hans Neumann-Lezius, Berlin-Lankwitz, 'Germany, assignor to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application July 19, 1938, Serial No. 219,983 In Germany October 7, 1937 4 Claims.

This invention relates to tabulating machines and more particularly to the accumulating mechanism of such machines. .v

'I'he invention relates more particularly to the simplification of accumulating mechanism for use in high speed, record controlled accounting machines by the elimination of numerous connections and by a compactness of arrangement utilizing a type of accumulating wheel engaging mechanism not heretofore employed in accounting devices.

Electrically controlled denominational orders of an accumulator each comprise generally a driving member, a driven accumulating element, a clutching mechanism between the two and a magnet whose energization brings about a driving engagement between the driving member and the accumulating element.

In the present arrangement, the driving element is a constantly rotating ratchet and the driven element is mounted concentrically thereto and is provided with a clutch arm or dog nor'- mally held out of driving engagement by one of a series of stops arranged circumferentially in the path of the dog. A pair of opposed magnets are provided, one to move the stops radially away from the dog to permit clutching engagement and the other to return the stops again. The period of time between retraction and restoration of the stops determines the time of engagement of the clutch and the consequent extent of movement of the driven member.

A further object resides in the provision of an accumulating unit capable of adding or subtracting with the same mechanism.

A still further object resides in the provision of an improved switching arrangement for effecting declutching of the elements at the end of an entering cycle.

Another object resides in the provision ofan improved readout mechanism for reading out the amount standing in the accumulator.

A further object of the invention has been to provide a novel form of electrically controlled tens carry mechanism for use in connection with the newly arranged accumulating unit.

A further object resides in the provision of a unitary accumulating unit arranged and constructed for ready, slidable removal from the machine and in which provision is made for locking the accumulating element in set position to secure the same against accidental displacement during the removal from or insertion in the machine.

Further objects voi" the instant invention reside bodiment of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings: f

Fig. 1 is a front view of the machine showing the relationship and driving connections between the card feeding, accumulating and printing sections of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a central section through the card feeding and analyzing section of the machine, the section being taken along the lines 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail of the card feed clutch devices shown in dotted outline in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a central section through the printing mechanism of the machine, the section being taken along the lines 4 4 of Fig. l.

Fig. 4a is a timing diagram showing the period of closure of the various cam operated contacts and commutators.

Fig. 5 is a section 4through the accumulator along the lines 5-5 of Fig. l. The view is taken. along the dividing line between two adjacent denominational orders. l

Fig. 6 is a central section through one of the accumulating units, the section being taken along line 6 6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged position view of one of the units showing the clutching elements in driving engagement. A

Fig. 8 is a detail showing the readout mechanism and the tens carry devices, the view being taken along lines 8-8 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a detail of a circuit switching device.

Fig. 10 is a detail of the unit locking device for locking lthe units in position upon removal from the machine.

Figs. 11 and 11a taken together and placed oneI above the other constitute a wiring diagram of the electric circuits of the machine.

General description The-separate units of the machine will rst be described in detail and their mechanical operation explained. Following this, the circuit diagram will be explained and the complete operation of the entire machine set forth.

Referring to Fig. 1, the machine comprises, generally, a card feeding and analyzing section at the left end thereof, which feeds the well known Hollerith record cards to the lanalyzing devices where they are sensed by the analyzing mechanism. The accumulator (which has been limited to a single unit comprising five sections each carrying` four denominational ordersrfor present purpose is located in the center of the machine. The printing mechanism is located at the right end of the machine and comprises a number el so-called banks of printing type Isin driving connections The driving moto represented at TM in Fig. 11 (but not shown in the nchanlcal views), has suitable driving connection as by a belt III (Fig. l) with a pulley II carried by a shaft I2. During the operation of the machine motor TM is in constant operation so that shaft I2 rotates constantly and through a gear I2 mounted thereon drives a gear Il on a rod I5 which also-carries a gear I6. The latter gear meshes with a gear I1 freely mounted on a shaft Ilto which shaft the gear is clutched to operate the card feeding devices. as will be described.

At its right hand extremity, shaft I2 carries a gear Il meshing with a gear 2llon a shaft 2| from which the drive shaft 22 is driven by means of gears 22 and 2l so that shaft22 is also in constant rotation. Through gears 25 and 2t the shaft 21 which operates the accumulator is driven. l

To drive the printing mechanism, shaft 22 carries a gear 20 (see also Fig. 4) which through an idler 2l drives a gear 20 secured to the printing shaft 2l. Shaft 22 also, through a gear 32, drives a gear 22 which operates the paper spacing mechanism (not shown) of the printing unit.

Thus through the connections traced the several shafts I2, 2|, 22, and 2l are in'constant rotation as long as the motor TM is in operation.

Card feeding mechanism Referring to Fig. 3, shaft I8 has secured thereto an arm 3l which carries a spring-pressed dog 3l in the plane of a notched driving disk 38 which is integral with constantly running gear I1. Energization of magnet CF will attract its amature 21 and release dog 25 for engagement with disk 25 whereupon shaft Il will rotate and through a gear 32 carried thereby will, through gearing generally designated ll in Fig. 2, cause rotation of card feed roller shafts Il. One of the gears 39 on each side of the card feed section has eccentrically mounted thereon one end of a link II whose other extremity connects with the picker l2 mounted for vertical reciprocation so that for each rotation of shaft I2, a card is moved downwardly from the supply magazine to the uppermost pair of feed rollers. The rollers on shafts I advance the cards downwardly, in succession, to a pair of feed rollers on the lowermost pair of shafts 43 which are in constant rotation due to direct gear connection designated M, with shaft I2. From this point the cards are advanced to a stacker mechanism generally designated 45 whose spring-pressed clips 48 grip the leading edges of the cards and deposit them upon tray Along the line of travel of the cards are located the upper analyzing brushes UB and the lower analyzing brushes LB mounted in insulating blocks and cooperating with contact rollers 48 and I9 respectively. At each of the sets of brushes is a pvoted card lever 50, the upper of which cooperates with a pair of contacts I and the lower of which cooperates with a pair of contacts 52. The levers serve to close their respective contacts-while a card is passing the brushes and permit the contacts to open during the interval between cards. l

The general operation of the card feeding and analyzing mechanism, in terms of cycles oi' operation of the machine, is as follows: (A cycle is represented by one reciprocation of the picker 42 or three and a half revolutions of shaft I2.)

With the machine at'rest, the picker 42 is in the position indicated in Fig. 2 and during the first cycle. the picker will move upwardly to a position above the first card and then move down.- wardly to advance the leading card to the feed rollers Il which advance it to the upper brushes UB. At the end of the rst cycle, the leading edge of the card will have slightly passed the upper brushes UB, insulating them from the contact roller 48 and the picker 42 will again be in cle, the cards will pass the lower and upper brushes concurrently and corresponding index point positions will -be analyzed concurrently by the two sets of brushes. At the end of the third cycle, the first card will have been advanced to a position where its leading edge has entered the open jaws of one of the clips i6 and during a fourth cycle, the clips will grip the card and bring it into position upon the discharge stack or tray l1.

The distance between the trailing edge of the rst card and the leading edge of the next card is greater than the contacting edge of the card levers (actually V4 of an inch) so that the card levers will rock in and out between the cards.

On shaft I8 (Fig. l) are carried several cams which control the operation of contacts designated with the prefix CF in the circuit diagram (Figs. 11, 11a) indicating that they operate only during card feeding operations. On the shaft 2I are similar cams controlling contacts designated CR. in the circuit diagram to indicate that they are controlled by constantly running cams.

For a more detailed description of the construction and operation of the card feeding and. analyzing mechanism reference may be had to the Patent No. 1,976,617, granted to C. D. Lake et al. on October 9, 1934.

Printing mechanism The printing mechanism of the present machine is substantially similar to that of the Lake et al. Patent No. 1,976,617 as regards the type bar action so that the same need be but briefly described.

Type bars (Fig. 4) are mounted for vertical reciprocatlon past a printing platen 55 and are resiliently supported at their lower ends on crosshead 51 which is slidable up and down on rods 58. .Each type bar has a series of stopping teeth 59 which, as the type bar rises, pass the toe of a stopping pawl 60, normally latched as shown by a latch 6I The action is such that as the bar rises, energizatlon of print magnet PM when any tooth 59 is passing the toe of pawl 50 will rock latch 6I to release the pawl for engagement with a selected tooth 59 and interrupt further upward movement of the bar. The yieldable connecticut,

lbetween the bar and crosshead 51 prmits the bar to stop while the crosshead continues on its invariable excursion.

For reciprocating the crosshead there is the usual link and arm connection 62 to shaft 63 which carries an arm 64 upon the free end of which'ls a roller engaging in the cam groove of a, box cam 65, freely mounted on constantly running shaft 3|. The cam 65 has secured thereto a gear 56 to which is pivoted a clutching dog 61 normally held in the position shown in Fig. 4 by clutch lever 68, thus holding cam 65 stationary. Lying in the plane of dog 61 is a driving disk 69. secured to shaft 3| so that upon energization of clutch magnet 10, lever 68 integral with the amature of the magnet will release dog 61 to engage in the notch of disk 69 and cam 65 will accordingly be rotated to operate crosshead 51 and type bars 55.

Gear 66 meshes with a gear 1| on shaft 12 to drive the latter on which are mounted contact operating cams whose contacts are prefixed P in the circuit diagram (Figs. vll-and 11a) to indicate-that they operate only during printing op- An extension 13 of lever 68 cooperates erations. with pairs of contacts 14 or 14a to close the same while the magnet 'I0 remains energized.

Accumulator Referring to Figs. 1 and 5, the shaft 21 has secured thereto a number of gears 220. For each of these gears there is a plate 22| upon which are mounted four orders of accumulating mechanism. Each plate is suitably notched for vertical insertion in the machine and has mounted is no mechanical interconnection between them if.

except the common driving gear 222 and the common supporting plate 22|. g

Gear 223 has integral therewith a ten-tooth ratchet 204 (see Fig. 6) which by virtue of the gear connections traced, is in constant rotation l and the driving ratio is such that each tooth of ratchet 204 passes a given point for each index point position of the record cards. The gear 223 and ratchet 204 are freely mounted on a stud 225 ltowhih is secured an arm 226 (see Figs. 5 and 7). normally urged to turn in a clockwise direction by a spring 221. The stud 225 is supporting in a bushing 228 (Fig. 6) vwhose ilange serves to support a disk 229 which is provided with ten notches 230. vI rzicated around the disk 228 are ten bell crank shaped stops 23| pivoted on pins 232 xed in the plate 22|. Each stop has one of its arms .engaged in a slot 230 and one of them has a third arm 233 bifurcated to receive the free end of an armature 234 which is pivoted at 235. Normally the armature 234 is in the position shown in Fig. 5 where it has rocked the uppermost'stop 23| slightly clockwise. This in turn has caused disk 229 to turn slightly in the opposite direction and cause clockwise rocking of all of the other stops 23|. The spring 221 is of light tension so that, with the parts in the position of Fig. 5, the frictional contact between ratchet 204 Each of the gears 223 serves to drive Pivoted to the arm is a clutching dog 203 to hold it out of engagement with the driving ratchet 204. It will be apparent that the dog 203 may be stopped in any of its ten positions by engagement with any one of the stops 23|. The

angle of engagement between extensions 236 and the end of arm 226 is such that there is no camming effect between the parts and the arm is definitely stopped by the extension.

The armature 234 is controlled by a pair of magnets 200A and 200S which swing it into either of its positions. When magnet 200A is energized, the stops are moved to the position shown in Fig. '1 wherein dog 203 is released for engagement with the ratchet 204 and will commence to rotate. Subsequent energization of V'magnet 200S will swing the stops back into the position of Fig. 5 and dog 203 will be disengaged and intercepted at whatever stop it happens to be adjacent to at the time the magnet 200B is energized, and the amount which the dogs are advanced is determined by the time interval between the energization of magnet 200A and the subsequent energization of magnet 200s.

As will be explained in connection with the circuit diagram, magnet 200A is energized in response to the sensing of perforations in the recmagnet 200A is energized at the 6 time in the' cycle. The magnet 200s is invariably energized at the 0 time, so that dog 203 is coupled for movement at 6 and uncoupled at 0 after lit hasl advanced six steps to effect an entry 6.

When an accumulator order is used for subtraction or, as subtraction is carried out in machines of this type by complemental addition. magnet 200A is initially energized at the 9 time and magnet 200S is energized in response to thev sensing of a perforation resulting in the advance of dog 203 an amount proportional to the 9s complement of the value of the perforation sensed in the card. For example; with a value 6 to be subtracted, magnet 200A is energized at 9 and three points later when the 6 hole is sensed, magnet 200S is energized, and disengagement takes place after three steps of movement. Readout device-The stud 225 to which arm 226 is secured carries a wheel 231 of .insulating able collector ring 238 and brush 239 are provided to supply current to the plunger |42 to complete circuits through the contacts |43 as will be explained in connection with the circuit l diagram.

In the plane of contacts |43 is a special contact 209 which cooperates with a plunger 2|0. This plunger and contact make engagement only when the unit is positioned to register a 9 and is effective for 10s carrying operations. 'Ihls plunger is also provided with a suitable collector wise against any tendency of spring 221 to effect sndhrush24| (Figaand8). The wheel 221 has a camming Droiection 242 which, when the wheel moves from its 6 to 0 position. will engage a slide 242 and move it in a directicn away from the axis of the wheel. The slide carries a pair of contacting balls 206 which, when the slide is shifted by proiection 242, will electrically connect the pair of fixed contacts 261. The contacts 206, 201 and the contacts 206, 2|0 set up circuit conditions for the proper carrying of units from lower to higher orders. Connected to gear 2|6 (Fig. 6) is a cam 244 (see Fig. 8) which near the end of each cycle will engage slide 242 and restore it to its normal position.

Referring to Fig. 9, there is shown a special circuit switching device whose electrical function will be explained in connection with the circuit diagram. This switching device comprises a cam 245 which is secured to gear 2| 0 and rotated therewith. The cam cooperates with a blell crank shaped follower 246, the other arm of which has connection with a slide 2 41. At the other end of the slide there is connected an arm 246 to which is attached a spring 246. For each of the four units on the plate 22| there is a pair of spring connected ball contacts 202 which, as the slide is moved toward the left, engage pairs of contacts |a, 20|b and 20|c.

The timing is such that during the sensing oi the index point positions 9 to l of the record card, the balls 202 are in engagement with contacts 20|a at the 0 time they are in engagement with contacts 20|b, and at the 1l time they engage the contacts 20|c. Following this they return and again engage contacts 20|b at the l2 time and then return to engagement with contacts 20|a. The timing chart (Fig. 4a) illustrates the various periods of engagement with relation to the other contact devices in the machine.

As will be observed from Fig. 5, the plate 22| carrying four accumulating units is arranged for ready removal from the machine. The various circuit connections on the unit terminate in a series of contacts designated 250 which, when the unit is inserted vertically downward, will engage coacting, fixed contacts 25|. With this arrangement a unit may be bodily removed from the machine without initially disconnecting any s circuit connections. Provision is made to lock the various accumulating units in their set position when plate 22| is removed from the machine to guard against their being jarred out of position. This means comprises freely pivoted member 252 having arms 255 engageable with an extension 254 on one of the stops 23|. Member 252 is pivoted on the bushing (see Fig. 6) which supports the pivot rod of cam 244. A lever 255 pivoted at 256 is urged by a spring 251 into engagement with member 252 and also has engagement with a three-armed member 256 whose dependent arm carries a pin 256 which, when the plate 22| is inserted in the machine, engages in a xed diagonal slot 260 to cause clockwise rocking of the member 258 against its spring 26|, whereupon spring 262 of the member 252 will rock the latter slightly clockwise so that its arms 253 are out of ensagement with the stops 25|, leaving them free for their normal functioning.

The lever 255 carries a roller 260 which is engaged once each cycle by a cam 264 during the latter part of the cycle to cause clockwise rocking of the member 255 and through a strong tension spring 261causes counterclockwi'se rocking l ofsrmsitoeectspositiverestorationof the stops nl. cam zu is secured to memocin a suitable notch in the cam, thereby lockingthe vrotating parts against movement and causing the spring 26| to rock the-member 256 and through it member 252 into locking position.

Wiring 160mm The circuit diagram will now be explained with particular reference to the various operations of adding, subtracting, total printing, and resetting and to the sequence in which the several functions are carried out.

Starting Welch-With a stack oi cards placed in the supply hopper of the machine, Fig. 2, the machine is ready to start. Closure of switch |60 (Fig. 1l) puts current on left side of line |6| and right side of line |52 and current will ilow through the drive motor TM. If the machine is to "tabulate," that is, add without accompanying printing, switch |56 is left in the position shown so that a resistance |54 is in series with the motor eld |55 to obtain high speed operation. When set for "listing" that is, concurrent adding and printing or printing alone, switch |55 is closed, shunting out resistance |54 to obtain a slower operating speed.

The first operation is to depress the total and reset key to close contacts |56 (Fig. ll) which complete a. circuit from line |5|. print control relay RI, relay contacts R2b and contacts |56 to line |52. Relay RI closes its contacts Rla to energize the print clutch magnet 10 through: a

.circuit from line |5I, magnet 10, contacts Ria,

R31) to line |52. 'I'he printing mechanism will now go through a cycle of operations during which the P contacts operate and near the end of this cycle contacts P2 close, establishing a circuit from line |5|, control pickup relay R5. relay contacts R5a, contacts P2 to line |52. Relay R2 opens its contacts R312 to break the print clutch circuit but contacts PI hold magnet 10- energized until the end of the cycle, and closes its contacts Rla to provide a holding circuit from line |5|, relay R2, contacts Ria, constantly running contacts CR2 to line |52. As seen from' Fig. 4a, contacts CR2 close when contacts P2 are closed during the aforesaid print cycle and remain closed for the maJor part of the next cycle during which contacts CR5 close to energize the minor control relay R5 through the following circuit: from line I 5|, relay R5, relay R6, contacts CR5, contacts R3d (now closed) and wire |50 to line |52. Relay R6 closes its contacts R6a to provide a holding circuit from line |5|, relays R5, R6, contacts R6a, contacts CF3to line |52.

Relay R5 when energized remains so until contacts CFS open during a card feed cycle. It opens its contactsR5a, and R5c and closes its contacts R51).

The start key may now be operated to close its contacts |51 so that when contacts CRI close near the end of the cycle a circuit is completed from line 5|, relays R1, R2, contacts |51, CRI, R4b, R5b (now closed) to line 152. Contacts R2a close to provide a holding circuit from line |5l, relays R1, R2, contacts R2a and CFI to line I 52. Relay R1 closes its contacts R1a through which the card feed clutch magnet circuit is comaasmss iine'- |52.

`The first card now commences to feed downwardly toward the set of upper brushes UB (Fig. 2i and during this cycle, cam contacts CF3 open to drop the holding circuit of relay R5. However, at the time contacts CFB open during this first card feeding cycle, there is a shunt path around them so their opening at this time has no effect and relay R remains energized. Near the end of this first card feed cycle contacts CFl open to deenergize relays R1 and R2 and card feeding ceases. Tf the start key contacts |51 are held closed, or again closed, the relays Rl and R2 are immediately energized again as contacts CRI close shortly after contacts CFE open (see Fig. 4a). Thus, a second card 'feed cycle will follow immediately after the first. rThe shunt circuit around contacts CFS follows from contacts R6a, relay contacts LCLb, UCLc to line l. The manner in which these contacts are controlled'will be explained presently.

Just before the end of the first card feed cycle the leading edge of the first card engages the upper card lever 50 to close contacts di which thereupon complete a circuit through relay magpleted from line I5I, magnet CF, contacts R'Ia to net UCL which in turn closes contacts UCLe to provide a holding circuit for the relay from line ibi, relay UCL, contacts UCLe, and CR! to line i52'. The contacts CRl alternate with contacts to keep relay UCL energized as long as cards are ed to the brushes UB. v

@urine the second card feed cycle, as the first card is advancing to the lower brushes LB, contacts UCLc are open so that when contacts CFS apen during this cycle, relay R5 will become deenergized, causing in turn deenerglzation of relays R2 and Rl and magnet CF, thus interrupting further card feeding and leaving the rst cmd in a position where its leading edge is just under the lower brushes LB and the leading edge of the second card is just under the upper brushes UB.

Just before the iirst card reached brushes LB it closed contacts 52 to energize relay lLCL which through its contacts LCLo and CRB provide an alternate circuit to hold the relay energized durhig the interval between cards.

The foregoing cycles comprising a print cycle, e reset cycle and two successive card feed cycles are a necessary preliminary to advance cards into the machine when first starting. Adding operations are `now ready to commence and in the foliowing the machine will be described as set for tabula/ting. y

Automatic control circuits- The machine is provided with the usual automatic control devices Which serve to keep the machine in operation as long as the control perforations on the successively fed cards are alike. This device may be disabled, however, so that operations continue as long as cards continue to feed. Disabling is effected by closing switch |58, wherev by when relays R5 and R6 are initially energized and cards have reached the upper card levers a holding circuit is established from line |5I, relays R5, R6, contactsRGa, switch |58, contacts UCLb to linen |52 through wire |59. Therefore, with'contacts 'UCLa also closed the motor relay R1 and feed control relay R2 remain energized through a circuit from line I5I, relays R1, R2, contacts R2a, UCLa, R41) and R517 to line |52. When the last card has passed the upper brushes and contacts UCLa open as a consequence, the

circuit through relays R1 and R2 is maintained for another cycle by contacts CFI which shunt contacts UCLa, Rb and R511 and enable the last card to be advanced to pass the lower brushes LB for sensing of the data thereon.

A brief description will now be given of the operation of the automatic control device to show how card feeding is automatically interrupted between card groups. After the iour preliminary cycles explained above, another print cycle and reset cycle is initiated by operation of the total key contacts G56 as before and, as before, contacts P2 energize 'relay R3 which in turn causes relays R5 and R6 to become energized. if plug connections i60 and i6| have been made as indicated to the corresponding column of the upper and lower brushes and a connection |62 is also made, the machine will continue card feeding as long as the index positions of the selected card column o successive cards agree.

With card feeding restarted as before, a control circuit is traceable serially through the two cards passing the brushes as follows: from line i5I, contacts GF4, contact roller 48, hole in the card, brush UB, connection |60, relay winding R9, connection 56|, commutator l63, lower brush LB, contact roller 50, circuit breakers |64, lower card leverl contacts 52 to line |52. Relay R9 closes its contacts R911. and R911, the former setting up a holding circuit from line l52, relay Rill, contacts RSa. and CR6 to line |5| which is held until contacts CR6 open at the end of the cycle. Contacts R91) provide a shunt around contacts CF3 from the contacts through R911, connection |62, contacts UCLb and wire 859 so that relays R5 and R6 remain energized and cards continue feeding.

When successive cards fail to agree, contacts Reb will not be closed when contacts CFS open and interruption of card feeding will take place as set forth above.

Adding circuits-For each column of the, card which is to be added a plug connection such as |65v (Figs. ll and 11a.) is made between a lower brush LB and a plug socket i66. Then, as the card passes the lower brushes, a circuit is completed at differential times, depending on the location of the hole to energize the accumulator magnet 200A. Assuming a 6 hole to be sensed, the circuit will be completed at the 6 time in the cycle, traceable from line |52, card lever contacts 52 (Fig. 11), circuit breakers |64, contact roller 50, "6 hole in the card, brush LB, commutator |63, plug connection i65 to socket |66 (Fig. 11a) contacts MCR4b, switch contacts 20|a, 202, magnet 200A to line |5I. This causes the accumulator dog 203 to be released for engagement with ratchet204 and to be started in motion.

During the entering portion of the cycle contacts 202 are in engagement with contacts 20Ia and between the l and 0 time of the card they move to engage contacts 20Ib. At the 0 time cam contacts CRI5 (Fig. 11a) close to complete a circuit from line |52, contacts CRI5 wire 205, switch and contacts 202, 20Ib, magnet 200s to line |5I. As a result, the clutch is disengaged after the -dog 203 .has moved six steps to add a 6. There is thus provided a magnetic tripping of the adding clutch at differential times depending on the value of the hole sensed and a magnetic release or knock-od? at the "0 time so the amount the dog 203 rotates is proportional lto the value ofthe hole sensed.

' Tens carry-If during the'entering part of the cycle a unit has passed through zero it will have closed its tens carry contacts 200, 201 so that a carry circuit can now becompleted from line |02, contacts CRIB. contacts 206, 201 of the units order for example, wire 200, carry switch contacts 202, 20|c of the tens order, which are now in engagement, magnet 200A of the tens order to line The clutch is accordingly tripped and one point later switch 202 will be back in engagement with contacts |b completing the release circuit from line |02, contacts CRI 0 (closed at "12") wire 200'. contacts 20|b, 202, magnet 200B to line |0|. If the tens order stood at 9 at this time the circuit would have continued from wire" 200 through contacts 200, 2|0 of the tens order through the next higher wire 200 to the magnet 200A of the hundreds order. and to line |0|.

Total printing operations-As explained above, the minor relay R0 will be deenergized when a group number change occurs and opening of contacts R0b will cause card feeding operations to stop with the iirst card of the new group at 4 the lower brushes in readiness to traverse the same when card feeding resumes. If the automatic reset switch |12 (Fig. 11) is closed, a total printing cycle will follow immediately upon cessation of card feeding to print the amount or total standing on the accumulator. A circuit is completed when contacts R0c and R2b close traceable from line |0|, print control relay RI, contacts R2b. switch |12, contacts R0c to line |02 resulting as before in energization of the print clutch magnet 10. As a consequence, the type bars begin to rise and contacts Pl close to shunt contacts Ria and Rlb in the clutch circuit and keep the magnet 10 energized through the cycle and by breaking the circuit, take the arc.

Total printing circuits can now be completed as follows: from line |02, circuit breakers |-14 (Fig. 11a), contacts R0f and R0h (now closed), common segment |10 of the print" emitter PE, brush |10, segments |11 to impress impulses on the wires |10 in the order 9, 8. '1, etc., as the type bars present the correspondingly valued type to the platen, wire |10 to the readout segment |40 at which contact |42 is set. through the contact |42, contacts MCRSb, print magnet PM to line |0|. In this manner the amount set on the accumulator readout devices is printed.

The'emitter brush |10 may be mounted on on the same shaft that carries the constantly running CR cams so that the brush is in constant rotation.

Near the end of the total printing cycle, contacts P2 (Fig. 1l) close to cause energisation of relay R0 as explained, which in turn through its contacts R0d causes energization of minor relay R0 and relay R0 during the next following cycle when contacts CRI close. Thus total printing will take two cycles during the first of which actual total printing takes placaand relay R0 is energized. In the second cycle relay R0 is energiaed to open its contacts R0c and interrupt the circuit to print control relay Rl.

Automatic start circuit-1f the automatic start switch |00 is closed, card feeding will automatically resume under control of contacts CRI which close at the end of the cycle and establish a circuit from line |02, contacts R01). R411. CRI, and LCIA, switch |00, relays R2 and R1 to line III. Relay `R'| again causes energization of the card feed clutch magnet CF.

Resetting operatimls.-Resetting of the accumulators is effected by entering into the acr |04 is connected to the 1" wire |10; etc.

cumulator the nines complement of the amount standing therein under control of the readout device and then adding a one into the units order during the tens carry time to advance all the wheels from nine to zero. This operatbn takes place during the second of the two total taking cycles and is only effective if reset switch |0| (Fig. 1l) is closed. As explained, relay R0 is energized near the end of the total printing cycle and opens its contacts R3b so that the print clutch will not be energized during the second or what may be termed the reset cycle. Closure of contacts R0f under control of contacts CR|2 will complete a circuit from line |0|, contacts CRI2, RU, switch |0|, relay MCRI to line |02.

This relay will thereupon cause opening of its contacts MCROb and closure of its contacts MCROa (Fig. 11a).

Relay R0 also causes closure of lits contacts R00 (Fig. 11a) one blade of which is connected to the segment |02 of reset emitter RE, whose segments |04 are connected by wires |00 to wires |10 in inverted order. 'I'hat is, 9" segment |04 is connected to the 0 wire |10; the 0" segment Thus, as emitter brush |00 rotates, circuits will be completed which are traceable from line |02, circuit breakers |14, contacts 'R0f, R09, segment |02, brush |03, segments |04, wires |00, |10 and |10 to the segments |40 and to contacts |42 at times representing the nines complement of the amount indicated by the setting of contacts |42, contacts MCRJa, MCR4b, contacts 202, 20|a, magnet 200A to line |0|. Again at 0 contacts CR|0 will be closed to declutch the dog 203 after the nines complement is entered. At the carry time contacts CR|0 close to complete a circuit from line |02, contacts CRIO, contacts MCROc, contacts 202, 20|c (now closed) the units order magnet 200A to line |0|. This circuit also branches through the units order nines contacts 200, 2|0 and thence seriatim to all the other magnets 200A and nines contacts to ad'd a unit to each thereby advancing all orders to zero.

subtracting operations Record cards whose amounts are to be subtracted are provided with the so-called X perforation made in the X or 11 index point position of a card column to designate the card as one whose amount is to be subtracted. In the column in which this perforation is made, a plug connection 210 is made (see Fig. 1l), so that as this card passes the upper brushes, a circuit is completed from line |0|, contacts GF4, contact roller 40, upper brush UB, plug connection 210, cam contacts CFO closed at X, relay magnet R20 to line |02. Relay R20 closes its contacts R20a to provide a holding circuit through cam contacts CFOa which hold the circuit for a short period as indicated in Fig. 4a. Before contacts CFM open again; contacts CFO close. completing the circuit from line |0|, contacts CFla, contacts R20b, relay MCR4, contacts CFO to line |02. The magnet MHRA closes its contacts MCRM to provide a holding circuit for the magnet which is maintained throughout the entering and carrying portion of the next card feed cycle during which the card having the X hole passes the lower brushes LB. Magnet MCR4 causes shifting of its contacts MCR4b, MCR4c and MCR4d from the position shown iis Fig. 11a. with contacts Mci-ua closed, a circuit is completed for each order of the accumular at the 9 time through a circuit traceable from line |02, cam contacts CR|4 which close at 9, Wire 21 I, contacts MCRlld in the units order for example, contacts 20m, 202, magnet 200A to line ilv. The accumulator element is thus engaged at the 9 time and the pawl 203 commences to rotate. When the perforation reaches the lower brush, a circuit is completed from the lower brush through the plug connection l65 to socket l66, thence through contacts MCRllc, magnet 200s to line l5l, and interruption of rotation is effected after the 9s complement of the number sensed has been entered and s carry operations take place in the same manner as for additive entries.

In thennits order provision is made to enter an additional unit whenever a subtractive entry is made so as to complement this order to' 10. This is effected through contacts MCRAe which permit a carry impulse to be completed through the adding magnet of the units order traceable from line i52, contacts CRlB, contacts MCRe, contacts 2Mo, i202, magnet 200A to line ibi.

Stop key operation-Card feeding and printing may be interrupted at. any time during their operation by depression of the stop lrey to close contacts i90 (Fig. l1) which cause energization of relay R4 when contacts CH3 close. Contacts Rdc then set up a holding circuit through the normally closed start 1ey contacts ib'la and this circuit remains held until the start key is again operated. Relay R4 opens its contacts RM, breaking vthe holding circuit through relays Rl' and R2 so these relays become deenergized when contacts CFl open, resulting in the opening ci contacts Ria to deenergize magnets CF and l@ at the proper time to stop the operations at the end or" a cycle.

Paper spacing- The paper space magnet SP, Fig. ll, is energized each time the print clutch magnet l0 is energized and the circuit is traceable from line ii, magnet SP (Fig. l1) contacts lila (closed by the armature of magnet l0) contacts @Ril to line i52. During totalprinting operations an additional impulse is given to magnet .SP to obtain an extra space after the total. .As explained above there are two cycles following a group change during the first of which the total is printed and magnet SP is energized due to closure of contacts Na. Also during this cycle relay R3 is energized, closing its contacts R3f so that during the second or reset cycle magnet SP may be energized again when contacts CRI'I close and spacing again takes place.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features ci! the invention asv applied to a single modification it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as in-l dicated by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

l. In an accumulating unit for an accounting machine having an accumulating element which is to be advanced to any of a plurality of rotative positions to represent different amounts, including in combination differential advancing mechanism for said accumulating element, said mechanism comprising a continuously driven driving ratchet, a pawl carried by said accumulating element, a plurality of stops, spaced in the path of said pawl, there being a stop for each of said rotative positions, and any one of said stops engaging said pawl to hold the latter out of engagement with said driving ratchet, means for moving said stops concurrently into or out of the path ofthe pawl, means called into action at differential times and with the element in any of its rotative positions for causing said moving means to move all said stops concurrently out of the path ci the pawl, whereby said one of the stops will release said pawl for engagement with said driving ratchet, and means for causing said moving means to move-all of said stops back into the path of said pawl at a xed time in the operationv of the machine whereby another of said stops will engage the pawl to release it from the driving ratchet and said accumuiating element will be advanced, due to the engagement and disengagement of said pawl and ratchet, from its initial rotative position an amount determined by the differential time of engagement of the pawl and ratchet.

2. lin an accumulating unit for an accounting machine having an accumulating'element which vis to be advanced to any of a plurality of rotative positions to represent diierent amounts, including in combination, dilerential advancing mechanism ior said accumulating element, said mechanism comprising a continuously driven driving ratchet, a pawl carried by said accumulating element, a plurality of stops, circum ierentially arranged in the path of said pawl, there being one stop for each of said rotative positions, any one of said stops engaging said pawl to hold it out of engagement with said driving ratchet, a member common to all said stops and arranged to move the stops concurrently into and out of the path of said pawl, means called into action at diiferential times and with the accumulating element in any of its rotative positions for operating said member whereupon all of said stops will move out of the path of the pawl, whereby said one of the stops will release the pawl for engagement with the driving ratchet to drive the accumulating element, said means being thereafter again operated at a rlxed time in the operation of the machine to restore said member whereupon all of the stops will move into the path of the pawl and one of them will disengage the pawl from the ratchet leaving theelement advanced from its initial position an amount determined by the diierential time of engagement of the pawl and ratchet.

3. The invention set forth in claim 2 in which the stops are pivoted, and the common member comprises a disk mounted coaxially with the accumulating element, and provided with notches to engage extensions of the stops and rock the stops into and out of the path of the pawl.

e. In an accumulating unit `for an accounting machine having an accumulating element which is to be advanced to any of a plurality of rotative positions to represent different amounts, including in combination differential advancing mechanism for said accumulating element, said mechanism comprising a continuously driven driving ratchet, a pawl carried by said accumulating element, a ring of equally spaced stops, one stop for each rotative position of the accumulatingelement and any one of said stops normally engaging said pawl to hold the latter out of engagement with said driving ratchet, a member for moving said stops concurrently out of the path o@ the pawl and into a ring of larger diameter or into the path of the pawl, means called into action, with the element in any of its rotative positions for causing said member to concurrently move said stops out of the path of the pawl and into l. ring o! larger diameter with the stops maintaining their equi-spaced relationahip. whereby said one oi' the stops will re'- lease said pawl tor engagement with said driving ratchet, and means ior causing said member to move the stops to contract to their normal ring -iormation whereupon one of the stops will engage the pawl to release it from the driving ratchet and said accumulating element will be advanced due to the engagement and disengagement oi said pawl and ratchet from its initial rotative position an amount determined by the distance between the initially engaging stop and the second engaging stop.

HANS NEUMANN-LEZIUS. 

